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| Required data | Data description/estimation | Adopted values of data |
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| Transmissivity and conductivity | Cooper-Jacob technique applied on pumping test to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of Saq Aquifer in Qassim Region [33, 40] | T = 0.024 to 1.62 m2/minute, Kyy = Kxx = Kzz = 2.8 m/day |
| No. of aquifer layers | Published research papers [2, 33] | Adopted layers = 5, each of 631, 125, 125, 125, and 125 m, respectively |
| Mesh size | By running model with different mesh sizes and choosing the best | As much dense as possible. It was further made dense around the wells |
| Pumping rates | As per data collected from the Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia | Public and private tube wells data available from 1980 to 2018 |
| Water levels (a) | As per data collected from the Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia | Public and private tube wells data available from 1980 to 2018 |
| Initial conditions | As per data collected from the Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia | Water levels at the start time of simulations |
| Boundary conditions | Calibrated assuming general head boundary conditions | Highly challenging work |
| Storage coefficient | Cooper-Jacob technique applied on pumping test to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of Saq Aquifer in Qassim Region [33, 40] | 2.5 × 10 – 3 to 6.3 × 10 – 5 |
| Contaminant concentrations | Recorded values | Recorded data |
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