A Simple Solution and Dilatancy Characterization for a Circular Tunnel Excavated in the Nonlinear Strain-Softening and Nonlinear Dilatancy Rock Mass

<div>Comparisons between the models considering the drop modulus and unloading issue. (a) The model considering the drop modulus. (b) The model considering the unloading problem [<a href="/journals/ace/2023/3280223/#B60">60</a>, <a href="/journals/ace/2023/3280223/#B61">61</a>].</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 5

Figure 5: A Simple Solution and Dilatancy Characterization for a Circular Tunnel Excavated in the Nonlinear Strain-Softening and Nonlinear Dilatancy Rock Mass 

Figure 5 | A Simple Solution and Dilatancy Characterization for a Circular Tunnel Excavated in the Nonlinear Strain-Softening and Nonlinear Dilatancy Rock Mass 