Assessing the Quality of Concrete Tunnel Lining Exposed to Tunnel Fire through Residual Compressive Strength

Table 1

Physical properties of the materials and mix design proportion for MYC (reinforced concrete segments using HVFANS concrete, Malaysian patent code MY-163281-A) (18).

Material	Proportion	Type (class)	Specific gravity	Size	Weight (kg/m^3)
Fly ash	52.5%	F	2.1	—	278
Nano silica	2.5%	Cembinder 8	—	—	26.56
Portland cement	45%	Type 1	—	—	225.8
Polypropylene fibre	1%	—	0.9	Length 12 mm	1
Coarse aggregate	—	—	2.07	Max. 10 mm	942.6
Fine aggregate	—	—	2.75	Max. 4.75	682.01
Water	0.34 (W/C)	Normal tap water	—		154.85
Superplasticizer	0.4–2%	Darex super 20	—		5.31