Research Article

Analyzing the Mechanical, Durability, and Microstructural Impact of Partial Cement Replacement with Pumice Powder and Bamboo Leaf Ash in Concrete

Table 1

Percentage replacement of cement with VPP and BLA.

BatchMix samplesCement (OPC, %)Volcanic pumice
powder (VPP, %)
Bamboo leaf
ash (BLA, %)

1Mix-1 (100, 0, 0)10000
2Mix-2 (90, 5, 5)9055
3Mix-3 (85, 10, 5)85105
4Mix-4 (85, 5, 10)85510
5Mix5 (80, 10, 10)801010