Novel FTLRNN with Gamma Memory for Short-Term and Long-Term Predictions of Chaotic Time Series

Table 10

Performance of MLPNN and FTLRNN for testing data set for monthly sunspot time series.

𝐾 (month)	MLP neural network			FTLRNN
	MSE	NMSE	𝑟	MSE	NMSE	𝑟
1	0.00247	0.04533	0.97569	0.002227	0.04162	0.98163
6	0.01229	0.2234	0.8917	0.00554	0.1008	0.9528
12	0.02387	0.43132	0.77184	0.01693	0.30599	0.8550
18	0.03989	0.7174	0.5741	0.02266	0.4075	0.7977
24	0.0538	0.9658	0.3584	0.03059	0.54899	0.71497