Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing

Research Article

Contingency-Constrained Optimal Power Flow Using Simplex-Based Chaotic-PSO Algorithm

Figure 2

Four operations in downhill simplex method. ( 𝑥 𝑟 : reflection, 𝑥 𝑒 : expansion, 𝑥 𝑐 : contraction, 𝑥 ′ 2 , 𝑥 ′ 3 : shrinkage).
942672.fig.002