Appling the Roulette Wheel Selection Approach to Address the Issues of Premature Convergence and Stagnation in the Discrete Differential Evolution Algorithm

Table 8

One-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.

		DDE algorithm	EDDE algorithm
N		31	31
Normal parameters^a,b	Mean	3.369	1.361
	Std. deviation	1.463	0.948
Most extreme differences	Absolute	0.177	0.159
	Positive	0.177	0.150
	Negative	−0.123	−0.159
Test statistic		0.177	0.159
Asymp. sig. (2-tailed)		0.014^c	0.045^c

^aTest distribution is normal. ^bCalculated from data. ^cLilliefors significance correction.