Formation of Nanoporous Tin Oxide Layers on Different Substrates during Anodic Oxidation in Oxalic Acid Electrolyte

Figure 2

FE-SEM top-view (a) and cross-sectional view (b) images of nanoporous oxide layer obtained during one-step anodization of high-purity Sn in 0.3 M oxalic acid at 9 V. Duration of the process was 1800 s. The arrow in (b) indicates the bottom of the oxide layer.

(a)

(b)