Surface Dynamics Transition of Vacuum Vapor Deposited CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Perovskite Thin Films

Figure 1

Representative AFM images (3 m × 3 m) and one-dimensional cross-sectional scan of the surface profile of (a) ITO coated glass and MAPbI₃ thin film on ITO coated glass substrates for deposition time of (b) 130, (c) 200, and (d) 500 seconds.

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(b)

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