Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Acute Lung Injury Caused by Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a Single Institution in China

Table 2

The clinical characteristics of HCC patients with TACE-associated ALI.

Clinical characteristics	No. of patients	Proportion (%)
Mean time to onset (days)
Clinical symptom
Dyspnea	13	92.9
Cough	10	71.4
Fever	4	28.4
Hemoptysis	2	14.3
Chest pain	1	7.1
Laboratory examination
ALI (SpO2/FiO2: 200-300)	6	42.9
ARDS (SpO2/FiO2: <200)	8	57.1
CRP (mg/L)
D-dimer (μg/mL)
Positive blood culture	2	14.3
Radiographic finding
Pleural effusion	9	64.3
Diffuse pulmonary infiltration	6	42.9
Accumulation of Lipiodol in lung field	6	42.9
Multiple pulmonary consolidations	5	35.7
Multiple ground-glass opacity	3	21.4
Possible etiology
Pulmonary Lipiodol embolization	6	42.9
Sepsis	2	14.3
Unknown	6	42.9
Treatment
Oxygenation	14	100
Empirical antibiotic therapy	12	85.7
Systemic corticosteroids	6	42.9
Mechanical ventilation	2	14.3