Increased COX-2 Immunostaining in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder Is Associated with Invasiveness and Poor Prognosis
Table 1
Clinicopathological parameters of UCB ().
Parameter
Number (%)
Sex
Male
102 (82.9%)
Female
21 (17.1%)
Age
<60 years
47 (38.2%)
≥60 years
76 (61.8%)
Grade
Low grade
31 (25.2%)
High grade
92 (74.8%)
Muscle invasion
Negative
42 (34.1%)
Positive
77 (62.6%)
Indeterminate
4 (3.3%)
Pathological stage (pT)
T1
46 (37.4%)
T2
47 (38.2%)
T3
17 (13.8%)
T4
13 (10.6%)
Nodal metastasis
Negative
98 (79.7%)
Positive
25 (20.3%)
Distant metastasis
Negative
110 (89.4%)
Positive
13 (10.6%)
Lymphovascular invasion
Negative
101 (82.1%)
Positive
22 (17.9%)
Anatomical stage
I
43 (35%)
II
35 (28.5%)
III
14 (11.4%)
IV
31 (25.2%)
Local disease recurrence
Negative
83 (67.5%)
Positive
40 (32.5%)
Survival
Alive
87 (70.7%)
Dead
36 (29.3%)
T1: tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue; T2: tumor invades muscularis propria; T3: tumor invades perivesical tissue; T4: tumor invades any of the following: prostatic stroma, seminal vesicles, uterus, vagina, pelvic wall, or abdominal wall; stage I: T1, N0, and M0; stage II: T2, N0, and M0; stage III: T3 or T4a, N0, and M0; stage IV: any T and N1-3 or M1.
