The in vitro effects of 1,25(OH)2D on the immune system. The effects of 1,25(OH)2D either directly or indirectly are depicted by arrows. While a green arrow represents positive influence, a red arrow represents the negative influence. The negative influence on inflammation indicates dampening of the inflammatory response. DC: dendritic cell; Th1: T helper type 1 lymphocyte; Th2: T helper type 2 lymphocyte; Tr: regulatory T lymphocyte [94].
