Charles Darwin's Observations on the Behaviour of Earthworms and the Evolutionary History of a Giant Endemic Species from Germany, Lumbricus badensis (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)

Figure 8

Schematic drawings of the burrows of juvenile (a) and adult (b) individuals of Lumbricus badensis. At depths of 40 to 150 cm below the soil surface, along burrows of adult L. badensis individuals, cocoon chambers with egg-capsules have been observed and documented (c). This indicates that parental investment is part of the reproductive strategy in this endemic earthworm species (adapted from [37]).