Potential of Igniscum sachalinensis L. and Salix viminalis L. for the Phytoremediation of Copper-Contaminated Soils

Table 2

Soil pH, total soil Cu (Cu_-TOT), available soil Cu (Cu_-PAV), and accumulated Cu in harvested stem (Cu_-STEM) and leaf (Cu_-LEAF) of S. viminalis and I. sachalinensis grown on agricultural soils treated with different levels of Cu concentration.

	pH [CaCl2]	Cu-TOT	Cu-PAV	Cu-STEM	Cu-LEAF
		[mg kg^−1 soil]	[mg kg^−1 soil]	[mg kg^−1 DM]	[mg kg^−1 DM]
0 mg Cu kg^−1 soil
S. viminalis	6.9 ± 0.0^a	22 ± 6^a	0.1 ± 0.0^a	11 ± 3^a	13 ± 1^a
I. sachalinensis	6.9 ± 0.2^a	16 ± 2^a	0.1 ± 0.0^a	8 ± 3^a	9 ± 4^a
250 mg kg^−1 soil
S. viminalis	6.4 ± 0.8^a	225 ± 43^a	3.5 ± 1.8^a	15 ± 3^a	20 ± 3^a
I. sachalinensis	6.6 ± 0.1^a	244 ± 29^a	4.7 ± 2.6^a	11 ± 4^a	147 ± 61^b
750 mg Cu kg^−1 soil
S. viminalis	5.9 ± 0.9^a	635 ± 174^a	64.3 ± 39.7^a	NVG	NVG
I. sachalinensis	5.8 ± 0.1^a	637 ± 60^a	15.8 ± 3.7^b	162 ± 171	274 ± 271
1250 mg Cu kg^−1 soil
S. viminalis	5.3 ± 1^a	1236 ± 60^a	117.3 ± 50.6^a	NVG	NVG
I. sachalinensis	5.2 ± 1^a	1163 ± 162^a	123.2 ± 27.2^a	299 ± 269	112 ± 73
Cu treatment [mg kg^−1]
0	6.9 ± 0.2^a	19 ± 5^a	0.1 ± 0.0^a	9 ± 3^a	11 ± 3^a
250	6.5 ± 0.1^a	235 ± 4^b	4.1 ± 2.2^a	13 ± 4^a	84 ± 79^b
750	5.8 ± 0.6^b	636 ± 1^c	40.1 ± 36.8^b	162 ± 171*	274 ± 271*
1250	5.3 ± 0.1^c	1199 ± 1^d	120.2 ± 37.7^c	299 ± 269*	112 ± 73*

Different letters in the same column indicate significant difference (Holm-Sidak method at 𝑃<0.05); DM: dry mass; NVG: no vegetative growth; *no vegetative growth for S. viminalis at these levels of Cu treatment; values therefore represent that of I. sachalinensis. Values are mean ± standard deviation.