Geotechnologies and Soil Mapping for Delimitation of Management Zones as an Approach to Precision Viticulture

Table 2

Physical and chemical parameters of the soil profiles for each horizon.

	CXve 3 (profile 1)				PBACal 2 (profile 2)				PBACal 1 (profile 4)				RRha (profile 3)
Horizonte	Ap	AB	Bi	BC	Ap	Bt1	Bt2	BC	Ap	Bt1	Bt2	BC	A1p	A2	CR
Thickness (cm)	14	21	40	80	24	18	37	71	15	16	48	71	25	36	109
Ca (/kg^−1)	13.6	6.1	8	6.4	6.3	3	1.9	1.8	10	3.7	2.9	1.5	11.1	12.9	3.1
Mg (/kg^−1)	3.1	1.9	3.9	4.5	1.1	1.3	0.9	1	3.9	2	0.9	0.8	2.7	4.1	1
K (⋅kg^−1)	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	5	2	2	2	0.7	1.5	1.3
Organic C (g⋅kg^−1)	27	7	6	3.7	16	13	8	5.8	23	12	10	5.2	16	15	4.9
N (g⋅Kg^−1)	2.3	0.7	0.6	0.4	1.3	1.1	0.7	0.6	2.1	1.2	1	0.5	1.6	1.5	0.5
CEC (/kg)	21	11	16	30	12	12	11	10	18	11	13	12	18	20	13
Bases saturation (%)	83	76	79	38	66	36	27	31	78	51	30	21	80	87	33
Sum of bases (/kg)	17	8	13	11	8	4	3	3	14	6	4	2	15	17	4
P (mg/kg)	67	9	7	8	20	8	8	7	52	12	9	13	74	64	15
pH in water	6.0	6.0	5.8	5.0	5.4	5.0	4.8	4.8	5.5	5.3	4.8	4.7	6.3	6.0	4.7
Al exch. (/kg)	0	0	0	11	0.2	3	4	3	0.4	1	5	7	0	0	7
Al saturation (%)	0	0	0	58	3	42	59	52	3	14	56	75	0	0	63
Gravel (g⋅kg^−1)	10	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	20	60	200	230	250
Clay (g⋅kg^−1)	400	470	520	610	360	610	590	570	410	460	570	420	260	220	220
Silt (g⋅kg^−1)	250	200	190	60	310	210	230	220	370	360	290	220	250	310	190
Fine sand (g⋅kg^−1)	100	90	110	140	90	50	50	60	70	70	50	110	140	150	110
Coarse sand (g⋅kg^−1)	250	240	180	190	240	130	130	150	150	110	90	250	350	320	480
Soil density	1.15	1.1	1.1	1.12	1.32	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.1	nd
WSC (mm)	5.3	6.9	17.6	17.9	12.7	4.7	9.2	19.9	6.8	9.9	22	15.1	7.9	7.5	nd
S (mg/dm^3)	6	2	2	12	4	21	20	13	10	15	47	42	70	4	22
Zn (mg/dm^3)	41	3	0.4	1	13	1	1	1	27	3	1	2	14	15	0.4
Cu (mg/dm^3)	351	18	3	3	123	4	3	4	110	10	5	3	97	105	1
B (mg/dm^3)	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.7	1.3	1.4	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.4
Mn (mg/dm^3)	55	19	11	6	45	19	14	13	57	25	6	4	40	25	16

CEC = capacity for exchangeable cations; WSC = water storage capacity.