Research Article
Influences of Farming Practices on Soil Properties and the 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline Content of Khao Dawk Mali 105 Rice Grains
Table 1
Statistical summary of the physicochemical properties and microbial population of the soil for organic and conventional rice farming systems.
| Variable | Unit | Organic rice farming | Conventional rice farming | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | S.D. | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | S.D. |
| pH | | 4.36 | 5.32 | 4.87 | 0.31 | 4.88 | 5.96 | 5.41 | 0.39 | EC | dS m−1 | 0.54 | 2.54 | 1.25 | 0.67 | 0.18 | 1.54 | 0.54 | 0.40 | SOM | % | 0.84 | 2.41 | 1.41 | 0.55 | 0.30 | 1.03 | 0.66 | 0.23 | Humic acid | % | 1.05 | 1.78 | 1.29 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 1.47 | 0.74 | 0.40 | CEC | cmolc kg−1 | 1.98 | 7.66 | 4.22 | 2.25 | 1.19 | 5.15 | 3.01 | 1.36 | Total N | % | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.01 | Avail. P | mg kg−1 | 2.44 | 37.53 | 13.68 | 13.92 | 2.38 | 139.16 | 30.12 | 45.53 | Exch. K | mg kg−1 | 34.08 | 131.91 | 73.70 | 35.57 | 9.01 | 159.49 | 67.28 | 49.25 | Exch. Ca | mg kg−1 | 101.72 | 1307.35 | 377.50 | 376.49 | 59.00 | 651.96 | 262.57 | 194.36 | Exch. Mg | mg kg−1 | 9.46 | 197.46 | 42.51 | 59.53 | 2.66 | 31.16 | 17.79 | 11.13 | Extr. S | mg kg−1 | 9.10 | 222.99 | 38.96 | 69.41 | 2.53 | 24.78 | 10.40 | 6.11 | Sand | % | 34.90 | 83.20 | 64.88 | 17.86 | 25.00 | 80.80 | 53.49 | 20.91 | Silt | % | 12.70 | 53.60 | 25.68 | 13.46 | 15.10 | 58.30 | 38.64 | 17.32 | Clay | % | 4.10 | 18.20 | 9.44 | 5.68 | 3.20 | 19.00 | 7.87 | 4.93 | Bacteria | (×105) cfu g−1 | 80.51 | 620.60 | 277.12 | 186.99 | 10.12 | 50.72 | 22.61 | 15.78 | Actinomycetes | (×105) cfu g−1 | 2.08 | 23.70 | 12.98 | 8.84 | 0.02 | 1.56 | 0.91 | 0.54 | Fungi | (×105) cfu g−1 | 0.42 | 1.78 | 1.00 | 0.37 | 0.11 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.06 |
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