Applied and Environmental Soil Science

Research Article

Evaluation of Soil Quality in Arid Western Fringes of the Nile Delta for Sustainable Agriculture

Table 3

Correlation matrix for measured soil and terrain attributes (n = 397).


	Sand	Silt	Clay	pH	EC	OM	ESP	CEC	CaCO₃	FC	AWHC	BD	PD	Slp	Rlf

Sand	1.00
Silt	−0.79	1.00
Clay	−0.93	0.51	1.00
pH	0.70	−0.44	−0.72	1.00
EC	−0.18	0.13	0.18	−0.27	1.00
OM	0.08	−0.09	−0.06	0.31	−0.03	1.00
ESP	−0.05	0.00	0.06	−0.21	0.35	−0.20	1.00
CEC	−0.04	0.03	0.04	0.27	0.02	0.45	−0.08	1.00
CaCO3	0.07	−0.05	−0.06	0.11	−0.04	0.15	−0.07	0.49	1.00
FC	−0.96	0.59	0.99	−0.69	0.18	0.01	0.03	0.07	−0.06	1.00
AWHC	−0.99	0.80	0.91	−0.64	0.18	0.02	0.00	0.09	−0.06	0.95	1.00
BD	−0.83	0.59	0.81	−0.78	0.16	−0.54	0.17	−0.16	−0.10	0.78	0.74	1.00
PD	−0.93	0.57	0.96	−0.79	0.18	−0.31	0.12	−0.06	−0.09	0.94	0.87	0.94	1.00
Slp	0.03	−0.04	−0.02	0.04	0.00	−0.01	−0.06	−0.03	−0.01	−0.02	−0.03	−0.03	−0.03	1.00
Rlf	0.04	−0.01	−0.04	0.10	−0.02	0.08	−0.11	0.08	0.06	−0.03	−0.02	−0.09	−0.06	0.51	1.00
TWI	0.06	−0.13	−0.01	0.00	0.06	−0.13	0.09	−0.14	−0.12	−0.03	−0.08	0.04	0.02	−0.14	−0.04

EC, electrical conductivity (dS m¹); SOM, soil organic matter (%); ESP, exchangeable sodium percent (%); CEC, cation exchange capacity (cmol kg¹); CaCO₃, calcium carbonates content (%); FC, field capacity water content (%); AWHC, available water holding capacity (%); BD, soil bulk density; PD, soil packing density; Slp, slope (%); Rlf, relief (m), TWI, topographic wetness index.