Association of Pulmonary Hypertension and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

Table 1

Frequency of MGUS diagnosis among PH cases and controls.

End of interval	Controls			PH cases			Conditional logistic regression
	N^†	^#	(%)	N^†	^#	(%)	OR	(95% C.I.)	p
Index date + 30 days
All ages	3313	132	(4.0)	3313	208	(6.3)	1.62	(1.29, 2.03)	<0.001
≤49	274	0	(0.0)	274	10	(3.6)	∞
50–59	321	5	(1.6)	321	12	(3.7)	2.40	(0.85, 6.81)	0.100
60–69	569	10	(1.8)	569	26	(4.6)	2.60	(1.25, 5.39)	0.010
70–79	915	46	(5.0)	915	59	(6.4)	1.33	(0.88, 2.02)	0.174
80–89	972	57	(5.9)	972	76	(7.8)	1.34	(0.95, 1.89)	0.098
≥90	262	14	(5.3)	262	25	(9.5)	1.85	(0.94, 3.63)	0.075
Index date + 5 years
All ages	3313	164	(5.0)	3313	303	(9.1)	1.95	(1.60, 2.37)	<0.001
≤49	274	1	(0.4)	274	14	(5.1)	14.0	(1.84, 106.5)	0.011
50–59	321	6	(1.9)	321	24	(7.5)	4.00	(1.64, 9.79)	0.002
60–69	569	15	(2.6)	569	45	(7.9)	3.14	(1.72, 5.74)	<0.001
70–79	915	59	(6.4)	915	85	(9.3)	1.53	(1.07, 2.19)	0.021
80–89	972	66	(6.8)	972	106	(10.9)	1.66	(1.21, 2.28)	0.002
≥90	262	17	(6.5)	262	29	(11.1)	1.75	(0.95, 3.23)	0.074
Index date + 10 years
All ages	3313	184	(5.6)	3313	327	(9.9)	1.87	(1.55, 2.56)	<0.001
≤49	274	1	(0.4)	274	17	(6.2)	17.0	(2.26, 127.7)	0.006
50–59	321	7	(2.2)	321	25	(7.8)	3.57	(1.55, 8.26)	0.003
60–69	569	21	(3.7)	569	51	(9.0)	2.50	(1.49, 4.20)	<0.001
70–79	915	64	(7.0)	915	97	(10.6)	1.62	(1.15, 2.29)	0.006
80–89	972	74	(7.6)	972	108	(11.1)	1.50	(1.10, 2.04)	0.010
≥90	262	17	(6.5)	262	29	(11.1)	1.75	(0.95, 3.23)	0.074
Ever diagnosed^‡
All ages	3313	193	(5.8)	3313	339	(10.2)	1.84	(1.53, 2.22)	<0.001
≤49	274	1	(0.4)	274	18	(6.6)	18.0	(2.40, 134.8)	0.005
50–59	321	8	(2.5)	321	28	(8.7)	3.50	(1.60, 7.68)	0.002
60–69	569	25	(4.4)	569	56	(9.8)	2.35	(1.44, 3.83)	<0.001
70–79	915	66	(7.2)	915	99	(10.8)	1.60	(1.14, 2.24)	0.006
80–89	972	76	(7.8)	972	109	(11.2)	1.47	(1.09, 1.99)	0.013
≥90	262	17	(6.5)	262	29	(11.1)	1.75	(0.95, 3.23)	0.074

For the primary analysis, MGUS diagnoses made prior to the index date + 30 days were included. Since patients may have MGUS for years before being diagnosed, sensitivity analyses were performed which used various extended time intervals to identify patients with MGUS. Note that since MGUS diagnoses were only available through 12/31/2017, the duration of time interval was extended beyond the index date which was truncated for some patients. ^† Number of PH cases and controls in the given age category. ^‡ Any MGUS diagnosis prior to 12/31/2017. Conditional logistic regression taking into account the 1:1 matched set study design.