Research Article

Effect of Social Actors Perceived Agency on Social Presence in Computer-Mediated Communication

Table 1

Social presence questionnaire [14]. Items range from 1 to 7.

Copresence (CP)
I noticed my opponent.
My opponent noticed me.
My opponent’s presence was obvious to me.
My presence was obvious to my opponent.
My opponent caught my attention.
I caught my opponent’s attention.

Perceived affective understanding (PAU)
I could tell how my opponent felt.
My opponent could tell how I felt.
My opponent’s emotions were not clear to me.
My emotions were not clear to my opponent.
I could describe my opponent’s feelings accurately.
My opponent could describe my feelings accurately.

Perceived emotional interdependence (PEI)
I was sometimes influenced by my opponent’s moods.
My opponent was sometimes influenced by my moods.
My opponent’s feelings influenced the mood of our interaction.
My feelings influenced the mood of our interaction.
My opponent’s attitudes influenced how I felt.
My attitude influenced how my opponent felt.

Perceived behavioral interdependence (PBI)
My behavior was often in direct response to my opponent’s behavior.
The behavior of my opponent was often in direct response to my behavior.
I reciprocated my opponent’s actions.
My opponent reciprocated my actions.
My opponent’s behavior was closely tied to my behavior.
My behavior was closely tied to my opponent’s behavior.