Research Article
Properties and Behaviors of Heavy Quarkonia: Insights through Fractional Model and Topological Defects
Table 3
The expectation value of charmonium of
((GeV)
-1) for two models (the classical model (
, ), the fractional model (
, )).
| State | The classical model ((GeV)-1) | The fractional model ((GeV)-1) | [44] | [44] | [45] | [46] | [47] |
| 1S | 1.184 | 3.030 | 3.073 | 3.086 | 2.619 | 2.790 | 1.002 |
| 2S | 1.601 | 4.732 | 5.770 | 5.777 | 4.761 | 4.612 | 1.551 |
| 1P | 4.170 | 3.554 | 4.331 | 4.325 | — | 4.266 | — | 1.545 | 3.664 | 4.722 | 3.779 |
| 2P | 4.347 | 5.231 | 7.511 | 7.488 | 3.725 | 5.588 | — | 1.894 | 5.337 | 4.883 | 5.447 |
| 1D | 6.137 | 4.529 | 6.410 | 6.380 | | | — | 3.873 | 4.660 | 2.025 | 4.792 | 4.980 | 4.925 | 6.945 | 5.059 |
|
|