The high energy physics covers a large area of modern research fields like astrophysics, cosmic rays, neutrino oscillation, dark matter, cosmology, and so forth. Due to the rare event rate, modern experiments are located in deep underground sites over the world: Fermilab (USA), Kamioka (Japan), Gran Sasso (Italy), and others. Some of modern experiments are now running: Super-Kamiokande, T2K (Japan), MINOS (USA), and so forth; instead, others are still in development: Laguna, Dusel, and so on.

The main goal of this special issue is to bring together information and new data from the modern underground experiments over the world and to offer the status of the field for any scientist interested in the subject.

We invite scientists active in the field to contribute with original research papers or review papers (both experimental and theoretical), addressing the following issues. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Cosmic rays
• Astrophysics
• Dark matter, Dark energy
• Cosmology
• Neutrino oscillation
• Underground research facilities
• Very large underground detectors
• Modern techniques in particle detection

Before submission authors should carefully read over the journal's Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ahep/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/ according to the following timetable: