Reversible Data Hiding Using Two Marked Images Based on Adaptive Coefficient-Shifting Algorithm

Table 3

Comparisons of the related secret image sharing schemes.

Functionality	Methods
	Yang et al. [20]	Chang et al. [21]	Chang et al. [22]	Lin et al. [24]	Our method
Meaningful shadows	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
PSNR	40 dB	40 dB	~34 dB	43 dB	~35 dB
Lossless secret image	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Lossless cover image	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
Max. payload (bytes)	(𝑀×𝑁)/4	(𝑀×𝑁)/4	(𝑀×𝑁)/8 ≤	((𝑡−3)𝑀×𝑁)/3	>(𝑀×𝑁)/4
Number of shadows	3	3	2	>3	2