Robust Signature-Based Copyright Protection Scheme Using the Most Significant Gray-Scale Bits of the Image

Table 5

Experimental results (PSNR in dB and LRR in %) by different approaches of the proposed MSB-based scheme and existing TROI-based [12] and VQ-based [13] schemes against various attacks using Elaine image and NUS logo.

Attacks	PSNR	Proposed MSB-based scheme								Existing schemes
		UROI		TBLK		DCTMSB		𝑡-DWT^1		TROI [12]		VQ [13]
		PSNR	LRR	PSNR	LRR	PSNR	LRR	PSNR	LRR	PSNR	LRR	PSNR	LRR
Affine (XY)^5	18.69	13.86	90	17.33	88	14.48	86	17.84	92	16.40	56	21.12	61
Avg. filter^2	34.09	19.17	98	22.90	97	24.43	98	27.01	99	17.51	56	25.32	69
BPM (25 dB)	21.99	12.79	88	15.61	84	14.57	86	17.25	93	16.62	55	23.29	55
Cropping	9.64	∞	100	41.95	99	16.55	81	12.17	70	17.47	55	7.78	48
Gauss. (G) filter^2	42.74	23.58	99	26.51	99	27.32	99	33.09	100	17.50	55	25.35	68
G filter^2 & noise	20.05	12.84	88	15.83	85	17.15	92	25.46	99	15.59	55	25.26	68
G noise	20.09	12.57	88	15.80	85	16.92	92	25.68	99	15.65	55	25.19	70
Histogram equal.	18.23	16.97	96	19.82	95	18.37	94	21.20	97	14.72	56	22.76	65
JPEG (quality 0)	25.14	13.69	89	17.74	86	14.63	86	20.26	96	16.85	58	21.13	70
JPEG (quality 5)	28.02	16.20	94	19.53	91	17.00	91	22.27	97	17.14	56	25.02	65
LSRD^3	14.94	10.99	75	12.28	76	12.23	75	11.84	71	12.30	53	15.57	58
Median filter^2	24.37	13.95	91	18.07	88	14.97	87	27.34	99	16.53	56	25.27	67
Motion filter^2	25.54	14.61	93	19.00	84	18.54	94	19.41	95	17.14	55	24.35	65
Print-copy-scan	19.56	13.49	90	16.04	88	15.64	92	15.75	90	15.99	56	20.27	50
Print-scan	22.32	15.48	94	19.71	93	20.43	95	21.39	96	16.32	57	24.62	68
MSB (30 dB)	30.00	8.52	66	11.59	65	12.81	74	20.01	96	17.10	50	24.83	68
MSB (35 dB)	35.00	9.85	78	13.96	79	15.04	85	24.26	99	17.39	51	25.25	68
MSB (40 dB)	40.00	11.51	86	15.77	87	17.81	92	30.23	100	17.46	53	25.33	66
Rot.-crop (2°)	17.68	13.84	84	16.26	85	14.36	81	14.89	86	15.13	56	20.08	65
Rot.-scale (2°)	17.58	13.79	84	16.06	85	14.26	81	14.85	86	15.10	56	19.92	66
Rot.-scale (5°)	11.53	11.73	76	11.29	76	11.10	68	11.24	65	13.29	54	13.05	62
RCR^4 (1 in 10)^5	25.20	14.48	92	18.57	89	15.72	89	29.28	99	16.68	56	25.34	69
Salt & pepper	22.60	25.61	99	25.23	99	34.72	100	22.98	99	16.24	54	25.04	72
Scaling (×0.5)^5	25.09	14.39	92	18.29	89	15.97	90	∞	100	16.72	57	25.36	67
Scaling (×2)^5	25.66	14.24	92	18.63	89	15.50	89	28.58	100	16.76	57	25.31	68
Self similarities	25.48	14.63	92	18.44	89	15.33	88	29.52	100	16.82	56	25.36	68
Small rand. dist.	18.55	11.99	85	16.12	84	13.62	84	17.24	91	15.10	54	20.40	67
unZign	29.79	19.02	97	23.80	97	24.03	98	33.09	100	17.26	55	25.35	68
Wiener filter^2	36.52	20.10	98	20.96	97	25.12	99	27.90	99	15.20	52	24.45	67

¹Decomposition level 𝑡=4.
²3×3 window.
³Latest small random distortion.
⁴Row-col-removal.
⁵Resized to original.