Dietary Energy Density, Renal Function, and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of patients with chronic kidney disease across tertiles of dietary energy density.

Variables	⁢Tertiles of dietary energy density
	T1; (≤0.7 kcal/g); ()	T2; (0.8–0.9 kcal/g); ()	T3; >0.9 kcal/g; ()
Age (year)				0.52
Male (%)	64.9	67.1	75.7	0.32
Height (cm)				0.32
BMI (kg/m^2)				0.68
Physical activity (%)
Low	60.8	63.0	62.2
Moderate	36.5	34.2	33.8
High	2.7	2.7	4.1	0.98
Socioeconomic status (%)
Low	9.5	20.5	24.3
Middle	74.3	63.0	59.5
High	16.2	16.4	16.2	0.18
CKD stage (%)
Stage 3	67.6	74.0	59.5
Stage 4	29.7	24.7	40.5
Stage 5	2.7	1.4	0.0	0.18

BMI: body mass index; CKD: chronic kidney disease.
Mean ± SD.
Calculated by Chi-square and analysis of variance for qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively.