Analysis and Discussion of Atmospheric Precursor of European Heat Summers

<div>Example of the dipole: geopotential anomaly at 850 hPa of FMA for 2003 and 2005. In FMA prior to the European hot summer of 2003 the dipole is clearly apparent (left map) while in the relatively normal year 2005 it is not apparent (right map). The red boxes indicate the regions that are always captured by anomalies of the same direction prior to the extreme summers in Central Europe.</div>

Advances in Meteorology

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Analysis and Discussion of Atmospheric Precursor of European Heat Summers 