Modeling and Monitoring Terrestrial Primary Production in a Changing Global Environment: Toward a Multiscale Synthesis of Observation and Simulation

Table 1

Published values of global terrestrial GPP and NPP based on observations, satellites, and/or process-based model.

Source	Basis	GPP (PgC yr^−1)	NPP (PgC yr^−1)
Melillo et al. [3]	TEM model	NA	53.2
Field et al. [20]	CASA model	NA	48.0
Schlesinger [126]	Review	NA	51.97
Cao and Woodward [37]	CEVSA model	NA	57.0
Ruimy et al. [50]	Model intercomparison	NA	45.5
Cramer et al. [15]	Model intercomparison	113	55.4 (44.4~66.3)
Zhao et al.[127]	MODIS	109.29	56.02
Beer et al. [8]	Diagnostic models	123±8	NA
Yuan et al. [46]	Ameriflux and MODIS	110.5	NA
Ryu et al. [128]	MODIS and process-based model	118±26	NA
Jung et al. [129]	Machine learning approach	119.4±5.9	NA
Ito [18]	Meta-analysis	NA	56.2±14.3
Potter et al. [21]	MODIS and CASA model	NA	50.05
This study	DLEM model	110.4	54.6