Numerical Simulation of the Direct Radiative Effects of Dust Aerosol on the East Asian Winter Monsoon

Figure 7

Surface air temperature at 2 m (°C) for (a) Nodust, (b) Dust, (c) CRU, and (d) difference between Dust and Nodust experiments averaged in winter during 2000–2009 period; the black dotted area in (d) indicates areas in which the difference is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level (Student’s t-test).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)