Characteristics of Atmospheric Metalliferous Particles during Large-Scale Fireworks in Korea

Table 2

Comparison of chemical components and elemental concentrations of particles during fireworks events.

	Diwali India	Lantern Festival	Las Fallas Valencia	World Cup Milan	New Year Mainz	July 4, USA	This study
PM10	507	466	42	46–71		8 (PM2.5)	20–35
			8.3	2.7–5.1	36
				<0.4–4.5	6.5
			1.2	0.9–2.5	2.4
OC			10 (OM + EC)	7.9–13
EC				1.3–5.4		1
Fe	6	5	0.4	0.5–1.7		30
Na	14	4	0.3			0.05	0.7–2.3
Mg	21	6	0.5	<0.1–0.6		42
Al	38	10	1.8 (Al2O3)	0.4–0.7		92	0.3–0.5
Si				0.8–1.8		0.07
S	53	40		0.8–1.8		0.5
Cl	6	20		<0.07–0.2	5.1
K	47	50	5	0.2–1.0	33	0.9	0.4–0.5
P	1.4	0.3	0.07
Ca	17	7	1.1	0.3–1.5		0.03	0.8–1.0
Ti ng	1700		50	28–53		15
V	330		12	<6		8
Cr	290		1.9	<4–11			2.7–12.7
Mn	930	400		7–35		3
Sn			12
Ni	70		2.8	2–7
Cu	550	600	64	20–105		4	15–28
Zn	820	3000	38	82–276		8
Br	7			4–12		2
Pb	360	1100	244	9–57		8	21–44
Sr	140	800	82	<3–139		9	6–14
Ba	16800	4500	303	<20–156		28
Sb			49

Diwali, 2009, Delhi, Lantern Festival, 2006, Beijing, China; India; Las Fallas, 2005, Valencia, Spain; FIFA World Cup victory, 2006, Milan, Italy; New Year, 2005, Mainz, Germany; Independence Day, 1990, Washington State, USA.