ANN Model-Based Simulation of the Runoff Variation in Response to Climate Change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

Table 4

Performance statistics of the ANN model with three input variables (runoff, precipitation, and air temperature) during the training and testing periods for 1-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month-ahead runoff forecasting in the YARHR.

	Training periods				Structure	Testing periods
	R	RMSE	MAE	NS		R	RMSE	MAE	NS
1 month ahead	0.9301	153.25	90.67	0.8644	36-14-1	0.9161	165.65	91.20	0.8389
3 months ahead	0.8794	198.44	118.41	0.7726	36-2-1	0.8806	196.28	102.95	0.7745
6 months ahead	0.8551	216.04	125.40	0.7304	36-4-1	0.8708	205.58	113.44	0.7569
12 months ahead	0.8744	199.57	123.82	0.7637	36-2-1	0.9064	180.00	116.37	0.8184
24 months ahead	0.8632	204.97	122.33	0.7385	36-9-1	0.9078	190.50	112.12	0.8063