Numerical Studies on Forecast Error Correction of GRAPES Model with Variational Approach

Figure 5

RMSE of 500 hPa geopotential height of 24 h forecast at January (a, b, and c) and July (d, e, and f) of 2008, 2009, and 2010. The black lines (GRAPES) denote GRAPES model forecast, red lines (SC) to the forecast after system correction, blue lines (NSC) to the forecast after correction of nonsystematic error, and green lines (NSEC-DEM) to the forecast after correction of nonsystematic error by DEM approach [23].

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