Research Article
Improved Rainfall Prediction through Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Variables: A Case Study in Andes High Mountain Region
| | Labrado | Chirimachay | Lags | Model | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| L0 | Ridge | Niño 1 + 2 | Niño 3 | ONI | WP | HURR | Niño 1 + 2 | Niño 3 | SOLAR | TNI | TSA | Lasso | Niño 3 | Niño 1 + 2 | ONI | WP | NTA | Niño 3 | Niño 1 + 2 | ONI | SOLAR | TNI |
| L1 | Ridge | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | ONI | HURR_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | HURR_1 | TSA_1 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | HURR_1 | Rainfall_1 | TSA_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | HURR_1 | TSA_1 |
| L2 | Ridge | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_2 | HURR_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | HURR_1 | NAO_2 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | HURR_1 | Rainfall_1 | GMSST_2 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | HURR_1 | NAO_2 |
| L3 | Ridge | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_3 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_3 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NAO_2 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_1 | Rainfall_3 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | NAO_2 | Rainfall_3 |
| L4 | Ridge | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NAO_2 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_4 | NP_1 | Rainfall_3 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | HURR_1 | Rainfall_3 |
| L5 | Ridge | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | NAO_2 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_5 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 4_5 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_3 | NAO_2 |
| L6 | Ridge | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | SAHELRAIN_3 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_6 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_5 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 4_5 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_6 | Rainfall_3 |
| L7 | Ridge | HURR_7 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_6 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_5 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_3 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 |
| L8 | Ridge | HURR_7 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_6 | Rainfall_8 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_5 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_8 |
| L9 | Ridge | HURR_7 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Rainfall_8 | Rainfall_3 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_5 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | NP_1 | Rainfall_8 |
| L10 | Ridge | HURR_7 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | SAHELRAIN_3 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_3 | BEST_9 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_8 |
| L11 | Ridge | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_1 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Rainfall_8 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | SOI_11 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 | NP_1 |
| L12 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | SAHELRAIN_3 | NP_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | SOI_11 | Rainfall_3 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | NP_1 |
| L13 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | SOI_11 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | NP_1 |
| L14 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | SOI_11 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | NP_1 |
| L15 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 |
| L16 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_3 | HURR_7 | SAHELRAIN_3 | SAHELRAIN_5 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | NP_1 |
| L17 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_11 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | NP_1 |
| L18 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_3 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_7 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_18 | Rainfall_12 | NP_1 | HURR_7 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | NP_1 |
| L19 | Ridge | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_12 | SAHELRAIN_3 | HURR_7 | SAHELRAIN_5 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Niño 1 + 2_18 | Rainfall_12 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | NP_1 | Rainfall_12 |
| L20 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_3 | HURR_7 | HURR_19 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_17 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_18 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | NP_1 | Rainfall_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_11 |
| L21 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_3 | HURR_7 | SAHELRAIN_3 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_12 | NP_1 | HURR_7 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 |
| L22 | Ridge | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_3 | HURR_7 | HURR_19 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_12 | Niño 1 + 2_18 | NP_1 | Rainfall_3 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Niño 3_16 | NP_1 |
| L23 | Ridge | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_12 | SAHELRAIN_3 | HURR_7 | AO_14 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_12 | Niño 1 + 2_18 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 | HURR_19 |
| L24 | Ridge | Rainfall_3 | SAHELRAIN_3 | Rainfall_12 | AO_14 | SAHELRAIN_5 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_6 | Lasso | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_3 | Rainfall_12 | Niño 1 + 2_18 | NP_1 | Niño 1 + 2_1 | Rainfall_1 | HURR_19 | Rainfall_11 | Rainfall_12 |
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