Spatiotemporal Rainfall Distribution of Soan River Basin, Pothwar Region, Pakistan

Table 3

Monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall statistic in zone-1 stations using Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimate.

Time series	Murree		Kotli Sattian		Islamabad		NARC		Rawalpindi
	Test Z	Q	Test Z	Q	Test Z	Q	Test Z	Q	Test Z	Q
JAN	−1.59	−1.728	0.05	0.051	−0.53	−0.432	−0.19	0.312	−1.15	−0.618
FEB	0.29	0.585	0.67	0.486	0.72	0.868	0.63	0.211	0.71	0.590
MAR	−1.51	−3.335	−0.67	−0.873	−1.16	−1.245	−2.13	−2.519	−0.93	−0.876
APR	−0.53	−0.616	−0.60	−0.468	−1.25	−1.006	0.54	−0.120	−0.60	−0.341
MAY	−1.12	−0.831	0.16	0.050	−0.05	−0.034	0.47	−0.735	0.54	0.167
JUN	1.76^+	1.52	1.12	0.809	1.06	0.900	1.85^+	1.873	0.43	0.268
JUL	−0.4	−0.767	0.53	0.892	0.38	1.063	−0.30	1.966	0.04	0.183
AUG	−1.92^+	−4.23	−2.63	−4.189	−1.05	−2.342	0.07	0.855	−1.00	−1.605
SEP	2.06	2.176	1.53	1.311	0.69	0.959	−1.05	−0.904	0.79	0.809
OCT	−0.64	−0.418	−0.16	−0.044	0.31	0.102	0.59	0.000	−0.25	−0.077
NOV	−0.04	−0.004	0.05	0.000	0.27	0.022	1.24	0.268	−0.68	−0.091
DEC	−1.42	−0.979	−1.09	−0.253	−0.82	−0.222	−0.54	−0.538	−0.47	−0.038
Annual (J-D)	−1.89^+	−9.812	0.122	0.539	−0.10	−0.453	−0.30	2.640	−0.24	−1.317
Rabi (O-M)	−2.25	−7.484	0.50	0.911	−0.44	−1.190	−0.63	−2.183	−0.17	−0.527
Kharif (A-S)	−0.83	−3.131	0.095	0.230	−0.20	−1.458	−0.44	3.714	−0.30	−1.800
Winter (DJF)	−2.03^+	−4.718	−0.18	−0.215	−0.26	−0.243	−0.02	0.596	−0.02	−0.019
Premonsoon (MAM)	−1.84^+	−4.458	−0.50	−0.850	−1.29	−2.498	−0.54	−2.042	−0.36	−0.406
Monsoon (JJAS)	0.07	0.165	0.068	0.259	−0.37	−1.568	−0.07	4.047	−0.38	−1.150
Postmonsoon (OND)	−1.59	−2.609	−1.17	−1.234	−0.80	−0.953	−0.26	−0.404	−0.57	−0.455

Values in bold showed a significant trend with Mann–Kendall (MK) test at three different confidence levels, i.e., represents trend at α = 0.01 level of significance, represents trend at α = 0.05 level of significance, and ⁺ represents trend at α = 0.1 level of significance. Negative sign of Z and Q test represents decreasing trend while positive sign represents increasing trend.