Spatiotemporal Rainfall Distribution of Soan River Basin, Pothwar Region, Pakistan
Table 5
Monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall statistic in zone-3 stations using Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimate.
Time series
Chakwal
Bahun
Khewra
Lillah
Talagang
Massan
Test Z
Q
Test Z
Q
Test Z
Q
Test Z
Q
Test Z
Q
Test Z
Q
JAN
0.91
0.069
1.09
0.578
0.20
0.021
0.48
0.167
−0.52
−0.025
−1.05
−0.318
FEB
2.78
0.987
0.25
0.167
−0.16
−0.106
0.79
0.750
−0.40
−0.114
0.24
0.135
MAR
−0.29
−0.198
−0.61
−0.442
−2.61
−1.439
−1.84+
−1.354
−2.80
−2.283
0.022
0.017
APR
0.44
0.191
0.23
0.067
−0.92
−0.250
0.93
0.480
−1.34
−0.494
−0.04
−0.218
MAY
0.99
0.256
0.30
0.136
−1.00
−0.258
−0.13
0.000
−0.16
0.000
−0.29
−0.038
JUN
2.27
1.189
0.89
0.717
0.68
0.445
1.04
0.545
1.27
0.288
0.15
0.000
JUL
1.34
1.298
−1.28
−1.885
0.16
0.650
−0.27
−0.340
−0.27
−0.094
1.72+
2.095
AUG
1.01
1.121
1.48
3.000
1.28
2.310
0.48
0.626
−0.11
−0.167
−1.04
−1.900
SEP
0.16
0.081
1.28
1.100
0.50
0.508
−1.09
−0.738
2.62
0.803
0.31
0.269
OCT
0.72
0.146
0.11
0.000
−1.14
−0.269
−2.77
−0.846
0.38
0.000
1.32
0.600
NOV
0.27
0.000
−0.18
0.000
−1.10
0.000
1.15
0.385
−0.33
0.000
0.43
0.000
DEC
−1.06
0.000
−1.47
−0.450
−1.16
0.000
−1.56
−0.500
0.22
0.000
−0.60
−0.067
Annual (J-D)
1.86+
5.035
0.75
2.986
−0.61
−1.683
0.61
1.007
−1.38
−2.976
0.26
2.311
Rabi (O-M)
1.57
1.672
−0.68
−0.671
−1.34
−2.098
−0.48
−0.635
−2.084
−2.266
0.57
1.280
Kharif (A-S)
1.18
3.188
0.64
1.572
0.71
1.438
0.07
0.117
−0.01
−0.065
0.04
0.547
Winter (DJF)
1.83+
1.183
0.20
0.321
0.12
0.202
0.79
0.835
0.03
0.012
0.26
0.230
Premonsoon (MAM)
0.21
0.18
−0.11
−0.088
−2.57
−2.633
−0.77
−1.000
−2.75
−2.797
−0.35
−1.240
Monsoon (JJAS)
1.64
3.114
0.96
3.000
1.36
3.164
−0.11
−0.063
0.19
0.264
0.31
1.071
Postmonsoon (OND)
0.3
0.118
−1.32
−0.763
−1.39
−0.909
−1.36
−1.190
0.18
0.029
0.99
1.121
Values in bold showed a significant trend with Mann–Kendall (MK) test at three different confidence levels, i.e., represents trend at α = 0.01 level of significance, represents trend at α = 0.05 level of significance, and + represents trend at α = 0.1 level of significance. Negative sign of Z and Q test represents decreasing trend while positive sign represents increasing trend.
