A Novel Approach for Monitoring the Ecoenvironment of Alpine Wetlands using Big Geospatial Data and Cloud Computing

Table 1

Geospatial big data collection used in this study.

Id	Image collection	Sensor provider	Band	Code	Unit	Spatiotemporal resolution		Type	Time series
1	SPOT vegetation	VGT\PROBA	Normalized difference vegetation index	NDVI	DN	10-daily	1 km	Vegetation	1998–2020
2	NASA/GIMMS/3GV0	AVHRR	Normalized difference vegetation index	NDVI	DN	15-daily	8 km		1981–2015
3	MODIS/006/MOD13Q1	MODIS	Normalized difference vegetation index	NDVI	DN	16-daily	250 m		2000–2020
4	MODIS/006/MCD43A4	MODIS	Normalized difference vegetation index	NDVI	DN	daily	500 m		2000–2020
5	MODIS/006/MOD13Q1	MODIS	Enhanced vegetation index	EVI	DN	16-daily	250 m		2000–2020
6	MODIS/006/MOD15A2H	MODIS	FPAR_500 m	FPAR	Percent	8-daily	500 m	Biomass	2000–2020
7	MODIS/006/MOD17A2H	MODIS	Gross primary productivity	GPP	gC/m^2	8-daily	500 m		2000–2020
8	MODIS/006/MOD17A3H	MODIS	Net primary productivity	NPP	gC/m^2	Yearly	500 m		2001–2020
9	MODIS/MCD43A4_006_NDWI	MODIS	Normalized difference water index	NDWI	DN	16-daily	500 m	Hydrology	2000–2020
10	JRC/GSW1_1/Monthly history	OLI\ETM+	Water	WAT	DN	Monthly	30 m		1984–2018
11	NOAA/CFSV2/FOR6H	NOAA/NEC	Soil moisture	SMO	%	6-hourly	0.2°		1979–2020
12	ECMWF/ERA5_LAND/MONTHLY	ECMWF	Snow_cover	SCO	%	Monthly	0.1°		1979–2020
13	ECMWF/ERA5_LAND/MONTHLY	ECMWF	Snow_depth	SDE	m	Monthly	0.1°		1979–2020
14	ECMWF/ERA5_LAND/MONTHLY	ECMWF	Temperature_2 m	ATP	K	Monthly	0.1°	Climate	1979–2020
15	ECMWF/ERA5_LAND/MONTHLY	ECMWF	Total precipitation	PRE	m	Monthly	0.1°		1979–2020
16	MODIS/006/MOD16A2	MODIS	Evapotranspiration	ET	kg/m^2	8-daily	500 m		2001–2020
17	MODIS/006/MOD11A2	MODIS	Land surface temperature	LST	K	8-daily	1 km		2000–2020
18	IDAHO_EPSCOR/TERRACLIMATE	Word Clim\JRA55	Palmer drought severity index	PDSI	DN	Monthly	2.5°		1958–2019
19	DMSP-OLS/NIGHTTIME_LIGHTS	DMSP-OLS	Nightlight	NLI	DN	Yearly	30″	Human activity	1992–2020
20	WorldPop/GP/100 m/pop	World pop project	Population	POP	Person	Yearly	3°		2000–2018