Research Article
Prevalence and Predictors of Maternal Anemia during Pregnancy in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study
Table 2
The prevalence of anemia according to the obstetrics and medical factors (
).
| | Variable | Anemic | Total
(%) | COR (95% CI) | | Yes (%) | No (%) |
| | Gravidity | | | | | | Primigravidae | 15 (11.6) | 114 (88.4) | 129 (42.7) | 1 | | Secundigravidae | 11 (14.3) | 66 (85.7) | 77 (25.5) | 1.27 (0.55, 2.92) | | 3-4 gravidae | 14 (21.5) | 51 (78.5) | 65 (21.5) | 2.09 (0.94, 4.65) | | ≥5 gravidae | 10 (32.3) | 21 (67.7) | 31 (10.3) | 3.62 (1.43, 9.17)* | | History of abortion | | | | | | Yes | 8 (19.5) | 33 (80.5) | 41 (23.7) | 0.94 (0.391, 2.27) | | No | 27 (20.4) | 105 (79.6) | 132 (76.3) | 1 | | Interpregnancy interval | | | | | | 1st pregnancy | 15 (11.6) | 114 (88.4) | 129 (42.7) | 1 | | | 2 (14.3) | 12 (85.7) | 14 (4.6) | 1.27 (0.26, 6.21) | | ≥24 months | 33 (20.8) | 126 (79.2) | 159 (52.7) | 2 (1.03, 3.86) | | Gestational age | | | | | | 1st trimester | 1 (12.5) | 7 (87.5) | 8 (2.6) | 1 | | 2nd | 12 (12.2) | 86 (87.8) | 98 (32.5) | 0.98 (0.11, 8.62) | | 3rd | 37 (18.9) | 159 (81.1) | 196 (64.9) | 1.63 (0.19, 13.65) | | Body mass index | | | | | | Underweight | 9 (30) | 21 (70) | 30 (10) | 2.42 (1.03, 5.64)* | | Normal and above | 41 (15.1) | 231 (84.9) | 272 (90) | 1 | | Presence of chronic disease | | | | | | Yes | 4 (27.3) | 11 (72.7) | 14 (4.6) | 1.4 (0.38, 5.21) | | No | 47 (16.3) | 241 (83.7) | 288 (95.4) | 1 | | Presence of peptic ulcer disease | | | | | | Yes | 20 (18.3) | 89 (81.7) | 109 (36.1) | 1.22 (0.66, 2.27) | | No | 30 (15.5) | 163 (84.5) | 193 (63.9) | 1 | | History of previous surgery | | | | | | Yes | 2 (14.3) | 12 (85.7) | 14 (4.6) | 0.83 (0.181, 3.84) | | No | 48 (16.7) | 240 (83.3) | 288 (95.4) | 1 | | Malaria attack in current pregnancy | | | | | | Yes | 3 (20) | 12 (80) | 15 (5) | 1.28 (0.347, 4.7) | | No | 47 (16.4) | 240 (83.6) | 287 (95) | 1 | | Hookworm infection | | | | | | Yes | 8 (34.8) | 15 (65.2) | 23 (7.6) | 3.01 (1.20, 7.52)* | | No | 42 (15.1) | 237 (84.9) | 279 (92.4) |
1 | | HIV infection | | | | | | Reactive | 12 (38.7) | 19 (61.3) | 31 (10.3) | 3.87 (1.74, 8.62)* | | Nonreactive | 38 (14) | 233 (86) | 271 (89.7) | 1 | | Syphilis | | | | | | Reactive | 3 (27.3) | 8 (72.7) | 11 (3.6) | 1.95 (0.5, 7.61) | | Nonreactive | 47 (16.2) | 244 (83.8) | 291 (96.4) |
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*Significant () in bivariate analysis. Chronic disease comprises hypertension, kidney disease, cardiac problems, and diabetes mellitus.
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