Trace Element Status (Iron, Zinc, Copper, Chromium, Cobalt, and Nickel) in Iron-Deficiency Anaemia of Children under 3 Years

Table 1

Haematological parameters and content of trace elements in blood serum of children with IDA.

Parameter	Reference values		I group with IDA; (𝑛=30)	II group with IDA; (𝑛=48)	Comparison group; (𝑛=25)
	Mean [27, 28]	−2 SD [27, 28]
Haemoglobin (g/L)	120	105	90.23±11.09	89.79±1.23	119.15±2.41
Haematocrit (L/L)	0.36	0.33	0.279±0.029	0.301±0.004	0.3442±0.006
RBC (×10^12 cells/L)	4.5	3.7	4.41±0.65	3.58±0.05	4.07±0.12
Rtc (Ğ)	10 [28]	—	—	5.5±0.87	7.86±0.98
MCV (fL)	78	70	64.3±9.87	74.66±1.08	82.52±1.17
MCH (pg)	27	23	20.93±4.17	24.77±0.39	29.82±0.56
MCHC (g/L)	330	300	322.67±18.16	323.47±4.34	365.17±3.6
RDW (%)	1.5–15 [29]		15.58±1.56	—	—
Iron (𝜇mol/L)	8.0–24.0 [30]		4.43±1.21	9.23±0.86	22.92±1.83
Zinc (𝜇mol/L)	11.1–19.5 [5, 31]		11.22±4.40	11.02±1.79	17.96±1.06
Copper (𝜇mol/L)	11.0–24.0 [6, 32]		11.81±4.39	23.80±0.76	16.50±0.71
Chromium (𝜇mol/L)	0.95–9.5 [33]		0.83±0.69	—	—
Cobalt (𝜇mol/L×10^−3)	0.00–15.25 [34]		—	5.74±0.76	9.16±0.61
Nickel (𝜇mol/L×10^−3)	1.70–10.22 [35]		—	8.99±0.868	14.35±1.09