Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Occurrence of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia, 2018
Table 4
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of anemia and related factors among study participant in a Kulito Health Center, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 236).
Variable
Hemoglobin status
COR (95% CI)
AOR (95% CI)
Anemic n (%)
Normal n (%)
Age (years)
0.243
16–24
25 (31.3%)
55 (68.8%)
1
1
24–32
22 (20.2%)
87 (79.8%)
0.556 (0.286–1.082)
0.749 (0.192–2.921)
32–42
18 (38.3%)
29 (61.7%)
1.366 (0.642–2.904)
1.730 (0.341–8.772)
Occupation
0.355
Employed
19 (19.2%)
80 (80.8%)
1
1
Unemployed
46 (33.6%)
91 (66.4%)
2.128 (1.153–3.929)
1.514 (0.628–3.646)
Educational status
0.186
Primary
38 (24%)
120 (76%)
1
1
Illiterate
27 (34.6%)
51 (65.4%)
1.672 (0.925–3.023)
0.504 (0.183–1.391)
Family income
0.586
≥2000 birr
18 (20.7%)
69 (78.3%)
1
1
<2000 birr
47 (31.5%)
102 (68.5%)
1.810(0.971–3.374)
1.349 (0.459–3.963)
Family size (people)
0.459
≤4
34 (23.9)
108 (76.1)
1
1
≥5
31 (33)
63 (67)
1.563(0.877–2.785)
0.638 (0.194–2.096)
Residency
0.137
Urban
28 (20%)
112 (80%)
1
1
Rural
37 (38.5%)
59 (61.5%)
2.508 (1.400–4.496)
1.878 (0.818–4.310)
Gravidity
0.053
≤3
38 (23.45%)
124 (75.55)
1
1
≥4
27 (36.5%)
47 (63.5)
1.931 (1.062–3.511)
2.197 (0.990–4.876)
Gestational age
0.060
1st trimester
4 (10.3%)
35 (89.7)
1
1
2nd trimester
21 (30%)
49 (70)
3.750 (1.183–11.889)
3.868 (0.696–21.485)
3rd trimester
40 (31.5%)
87 (68.5)
4.023 (1.339–12.087)
6.457 (1.276–32.729)
IPG (years)
0.013
≥2
23 (22.1%)
81 (77.9%)
1
1
<2
20 (40.8%)
29 (59.2%)
2.429 (1.166–5.061)
2.863 (1.245–6.582)
Taking iron folate
0.755
Yes
15 (22.1%)
53 (77.9%)
1
1
No
50 (29.8%)
118 (70.2%)
1.497 (0.772–2.902)
1.166 (0.444–3.066)
Taking meat at least once a month
P ≤ 0.003
0.322
Yes
20 (18%)
91 (82%)
1
1
No
45 (36%)
80 (64%)
2.500(1.363–4.584)
1.618 (0.625–4.194)
Taking egg at least once a month
0.742
Yes
27 (23.7%)
87 (76.3%)
1
1
No
38 (31.1%)
84 (68.9%)
1.492 (0.838–2.658)
0.857 (0.342–2.147)
MUAC in cm
0.040
≥21
42 (21.9%)
150 (78.1%)
1
1
<21
23 (52.3%)
21 (47.7%)
3.912 (1.975–7.747)
2.595 (1.044–6.450)
IP infection
0.604
No
45 (24.1%)
142 (75.9%)
1
1
Yes
20 (40.8%)
29 (59.2%)
2.176 (1.124–4.235)
1.328 (0.454–3.885)
Statistically significant at 95% CI, value < 0.05; 1-reference, CI: confidence interval, and AOR: adjusted odds ratio.
