Improving Heat Resistance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by Dietary Zinc Supplementation

Figure 3

Relative transcription of (a) heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), (b) interleukin 10 (IL-10), (c) interferon gamma (INF-γ), and (d) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) of Nile tilapia fed different levels (20 or 40 mg zinc/kg feed) and sources of zinc for 45 days and subjected to heat stress (HS). Small superscript letters refer to differences for fish fed different levels and sources of zinc before or after HS in Duncan’s multiple range test, while asterisks indicate significant differences between values obtained before and after HS for each zinc treatment in -tests ().

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