Supplementing Sulfate-Based Alginate Polysaccharide Improves Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Fed Fishmeal Replacement with Cottonseed Protein Concentrate: Effects on Growth, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance

Figure 3

(a) Intestinal histology of L. vannamei fed with sulfate-based alginate polysaccharide supplementation for 8 weeks. Shrimp intestine transverse photomicrograph segments were presented as follows: red arrow, muscle thickness; yellow arrow, fold height; and green arrow, fold width. The coding (A–F) refers to groups FM, SAP0, SAP1, SAP2, SAP3, and SAP4, respectively. (b) Effect of intestinal histology measurement (μm) in L. vannamei. Ten viewing fields of each slice were randomly selected for measurement. Notes: values are . Values in the same row with different superscript letters mean significantly different among SAP groups (ANOVA, ). The superscript of the FM group indicates that the FM group is significantly different from the SAP0 group ( test, ).

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