Recent Advances of Phytobiotic Utilization in Carp Farming: A Review

Table 3

Phytobiotics in enhancing antioxidant activities in carps.

Phytobiotics	Dose	Duration	References
Date palm extract	200 ml/kg diet	8 weeks	Hoseinifar et al. [45]
Bamboo charcoal	0.5-4%/kg diet	63 days	Mabe et al. [41]
Chlorella	1-4%/kg diet	8 weeks	Luo et al. [18]
Oregano essential oil	500 mg–4500 mg/kg diet	8 weeks	Zhang et al. [40]
Fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) leaf powder	1-2%/kg diet	56 days	Hoseinifar et al. [24]
Artemisia (Artemisia annua) leaf extract	0.5–2 g/kg diet	30 days	Mirghaed et al. [46]
Tea polyphenols	50 mg/kg diet	8 weeks	Zhong et al. [23]
Oak (Quercus castaneifolia) leaf extract	1-2 g/kg diet	60 days	Paray et al. [47]
Dried lemon (Citrus limon) peel	2.5-5 g/kg diet	60 days	Harikrishnan et al. [48]
Garlic	1-1.5%/kg diet	35 days	Yousefi et al. [43]
Orange peel-derived pectin	1%/kg diet	8 weeks	Hosseini et al. [28]
Ulvan	25-50 mg/kg diet	8 weeks	Harikrishnan et al. [44]
Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia)	1%/kg diet	8 weeks	Hoseini et al. [49]
Apple peel-derived pectin	0.5–2%/kg diet	8 weeks	Hoseinifar et al. [35]
Black seed (Nigella sativa)	0.25–1%/kg diet	60 days	Yousefi et al. [50]
Medicinal plant extract mixture: common mallow (Malva sylvestris), oregano (Origanum vulgare), and Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium)	2-3%/kg diet	60 days	Ghafarifarsani et al. [30]
Nigella sativa seed	1-2.5%/kg diet	28 days	Latif et al. [32]
Afsanteen (Artemisia absinthium) aqueous extract	0.5-1%/kg diet	60 days	Yousefi et al. [33]
Marjoram (Origanum majorana) extract	200 mg/kg diet	8 weeks	Yousefi et al. [36]
Grape pomace flour (GPF)	300 mg/kg diet	8 weeks	Harikrishnan et al. [34]
Savory (Satureja hortensis) essential oil	200 mg/kg diet	60 days	Ghafarifarsani et al. [38]
Herb extract mixture: coriander (Coriandrum sativum), common mallow (Malva sylvestris), and oak acorn (Quercus brantii)	1%/kg diet	60 days	Raissy et al. [37]
Taraxacum mongolicum polysaccharide	1 g/kg diet	56 days	Yu et al. [39]