Early Mild Stress along with Lipid Improves the Stress Responsiveness of Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus)
Table 4
The results of two-way ANOVA with SPSS for measured factors. When the interaction was not significant, we compared the “diet effect” via independent samples -test and “stress-number effect” via Duncan’s new multiple range test; for the case, these effects were significant (). The nonsignificant parameters were not reported. The letters a, b, and c indicate significant differences among treatments exposed to different stress numbers.
value
Main effects (mean)
Diet effect
Stress-number effect
Interactions
HL diet
LL diet
0Stress
2Stresses
4Stresses
WG
0.01
0.28
0.70
46.41
38.81
FCR
0.02
0.47
0.22
2.21
2.60
SGR
0.01
0.25
0.82
3.73
3.35
Survival (%) after AC
<0.01
<0.01
0.49
81.25
72.92
62.50a
90.63c
78.13b
Hb
0.02
0.06
0.07
8.60
7.63
BP
0.18
0.01
0.85
64.39a
63.71a
59.13b
Ht-stress
0.06
<0.01
0.07
27.00b
32.17a
28.58b
Hb-stress
0.03
0.02
0.86
7.04
7.92
7.13b
6.98b
8.33a
WBC-stress
0.67
0.02
0.49
18.07b
21.12a
18.71b
MCH-stress
0.01
0.51
0.21
82.66
109.03
MCHC-stress
0.01
<0.01
0.26
23.54
28.35
26.68a
21.79b
29.36a
BP-stress
0.25
<0.01
0.11
56.78c
64.64a
60.45b
TP-stress
0.62
0.02
0.19
3.06b
3.82a
3.98a
Cholesterol
0.01
0.10
0.33
129.99
109.44
Globulin stress
0.49
0.04
0.12
0.93b
1.11ab
1.19a
HDL-stress
0.86
<0.01
0.56
46.18b
54.82a
38.20c
Cholesterol-stress
0.25
<0.01
0.68
99.75b
127.53a
100.07b
Triglyceride-stress
0.53
0.03
0.22
407.10b
430.50a
358.60b
ACH50-stress
0.99
0.02
0.58
132.02b
160.42a
151.57a
Glucose-stress
<0.01
<0.01
0.17
86.83
72.78
94.35a
73.58b
71.50b
Cortisol-stress
0.29
<0.01
0.46
126.10a
83.87b
87.55b
GPx
0.17
0.03
0.35
181.02b
203.03ab
215.16a
SOD-stress
0.04
<0.01
0.10
55.44
63.89
49.03c
70.37a
59.58b
MDA-stress
0.01
0.42
0.56
4.54
5.99
GPx-stress
0.36
<0.01
0.41
149.27b
200.97a
180.43a
ALT
0.65
<0.01
0.74
16.23a
10.77b
13.95a
ALP-stress
0.32
<0.01
0.25
182.81b
229.38a
255.82a
ALT-stress
0.44
<0.01
0.08
23.27a
11.97c
17.42b
AST-stress
0.68
0.03
0.81
233.87a
191.30b
199.00b
“-stress” shows the parameter after acute confinement stress (AC stress). WG: weight gain; FCR: feed conversion ratio; SGR: specific growth rate; Hb: hemoglobin; BP: blood performance; Ht: hematocrit; WBC: white blood cell; MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; TP: total protein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; ACH50: alternative complement activity; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; SOD: superoxide dismutase; MDA: malondialdehyde; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase.