Effects of Dietary Bile Acids on Growth Performance, Lipid Deposition, and Intestinal Health of Rice Field Eel (Monopterus albus) Fed with High-Lipid Diets

Table 1

Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets.

Ingredients (%)	Diets
	Con	HL	HLLB	HLHB
Peruvian steam fish meal^a	35	35	35	35
Wheat gluten^a	10	10	10	10
Soybean meal^a	5.5	5.5	5.5	5.5
Wheat bran^a	5.66	5.66	5.66	5.66
Chicken meal^a	10	10	10	10
Squid paste^a	3	3	3	3
Wheat starch^a	20	20	20	20
Fish oil	1	3.9	3.9	3.9
Soybean oil	1	3.9	3.9	3.9
Ca(H2PO4)2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Choline chloride	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multidimensional^b	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
Multi mineral^b	1	1	1	1
Calcium propanoate	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Ethoxyquin	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Microcrystalline cellulose	5.85	0.05	0.025	0
Bile acids^c	0	0	0.025	0.05
Total	100	100	100	100
Proximate analysis (%)
Moisture	11.8	11.3	11.8	11.3
Ash	9.6	9.8	9.8	9.9
Crude protein	42.8	42.4	42.4	42.5
Crude lipid	6.97	13.10	13.14	13.18

^aComposition of dry matter (%): peruvian steam fishmeal: crude protein 68.35, crude lipid 7.4; wheat gluten: crude protein 83.06, crude lipid 0.96; soybean meal: crude protein 44.2, crude lipid 1.9; wheat bran: crude protein 15.7, crude lipid 3.9; chicken meal: crude protein 65, crude lipid 10; squid paste: crude protein 30.1, crude lipid 20.72; wheat starch: crude protein 0.76, crude lipid 0.19. These ingredients were provided by Jiangxi Aohua Industrial (Nanchang, Jiangxi, China). ^bMultidimensional and multimineral provided by MGO Ter Bio-Tech (Qingdao, Shandong, China). Vitamin and mineral premix composition (mg/kg diet): KCl, 200; KI (1%), 60; CoCl₂_6H₂O (1%), 50; CuSO₄_5 H₂O, 30; FeSO₄ H₂O, 400; ZnSO₄ H₂O, 400; MnSO₄_ H₂O, 150; Na₂SeO₃_5 H₂O (1%), 65; MgSO₄_ H₂O, 2000; zeolite power, 3645.85; VB1, 12; riboflavin, 12; VB6, 8; VB12, 0.05; VK3, 8; inositol, 100; pantothenic acid, 40; nicotinic acid, 50; folic acid, 5; biotin, 0.8; VA, 25; VD3, 5; VE, 50; VC, 100; ethoxyquin, 150; wheat meal, 2 434.15. ^cBile acids were bought from Shandong Longchang Animal Health Product Co., Ltd. (>95%, Jinan, China): hyodeoxycholic acid + hyocholic acid ≥77%, chenodeoxycholic acid ≥17%. Treatment groups: CON, control group; HL, high lipid diets group; HLLB, high lipid diets supplementing with 0.025% bile acid group; and HLHB, high lipid diets supplementing with 0.05% bile acid group.