Injury Related to Fall and Its Predictors among Medically Diagnosed Adults with Visual Impairment in Ethiopia: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Factors associated with fall-related injuries in adults with medically diagnosed visual impairment at Gondar, Ethiopia (n = 320).

Variables	Categories	Univariate COR (95% CI)	value	Multivariate AOR (95%CI)	value
Age in year	22–44	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
	45–64	1.31 (0.64–2.66)	0.46	0.58 (0.20–1.63)	0.30
	>64	2.29 (1.14–4.62)	0.02	0.52 (0.18–1.55)	0.24
BMI (kg/m^2)	Underweight (<18.5)	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
	Normal (18.5–24.9)	0.62 (0.35–1.09)	0.09	0.78 (0.37–1.64)	0.50
	Overweight (25–29.9)	1.95 (0.59–6.41)	0.27	1.10 (0.24–5.14)	0.89
Cause of VI	Cataract	12.23 (4.28–34.9)	0.001	10.63 (2.49–45.26)	0.001
	Glaucoma	2.15 (0.89–5.18)	0.09	2,51 (0.78–8.13)	0.12
	ARM	3,53 (1.07–11.66)	0.03	3.4 (0.69–16.84)	0.13
	Diabetic retinopathy	22.7 (4.93–104.47)	0.001	15.35 (2.51–93.96)	0.001
	Uncorrected refractive error	0.36 (0.07–1.87)	0.22	0.92 (0.15–5.49)	0.93
	Other eye diseases	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
Severity of VI	Mild	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
	Moderate	3.48 (1.75–6.95)	0.001	2.91 (1.23–6.87)	0.01
	Sever	8.71 (4.07–18.66)	0.001	3.58 (1.26–10.17)	0.02
Medical comorbidity	No	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
	Yes	3.55 (2.09–6.01)	0.001	1.21 (0.57–2.57)	0.62
Taking medication	No	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
	Yes	7.14 (4.09–12.47)	0.001	6.35 (2.93–13.75)	0.001
Family support	No	2.09 (1.25–3.50)	0.005	2.13 (1.08–4.19)	0.03
	Yes	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
Depression	No	Ref.	—	Ref.	—
	Yes	3.74 (1.52–9.17)	0.004	3.82 (1.27–11.45)	0.02

Statically significant variables with value <0.05; ref.: reference category; COR: crude odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; and VI: visual impairment.