Research Article
Injury Related to Fall and Its Predictors among Medically Diagnosed Adults with Visual Impairment in Ethiopia: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study
Table 4
Factors associated with fall-related injuries in adults with medically diagnosed visual impairment at Gondar, Ethiopia (n = 320).
| Variables | Categories | Univariate COR (95% CI) | value | Multivariate AOR (95%CI) | value |
| Age in year | 22–44 | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | 45–64 | 1.31 (0.64–2.66) | 0.46 | 0.58 (0.20–1.63) | 0.30 | >64 | 2.29 (1.14–4.62) | 0.02 | 0.52 (0.18–1.55) | 0.24 | BMI (kg/m2) | Underweight (<18.5) | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Normal (18.5–24.9) | 0.62 (0.35–1.09) | 0.09 | 0.78 (0.37–1.64) | 0.50 | Overweight (25–29.9) | 1.95 (0.59–6.41) | 0.27 | 1.10 (0.24–5.14) | 0.89 | Cause of VI | Cataract | 12.23 (4.28–34.9) | 0.001 | 10.63 (2.49–45.26) | 0.001 | Glaucoma | 2.15 (0.89–5.18) | 0.09 | 2,51 (0.78–8.13) | 0.12 | ARM | 3,53 (1.07–11.66) | 0.03 | 3.4 (0.69–16.84) | 0.13 | Diabetic retinopathy | 22.7 (4.93–104.47) | 0.001 | 15.35 (2.51–93.96) | 0.001 | Uncorrected refractive error | 0.36 (0.07–1.87) | 0.22 | 0.92 (0.15–5.49) | 0.93 | Other eye diseases | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Severity of VI | Mild | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Moderate | 3.48 (1.75–6.95) | 0.001 | 2.91 (1.23–6.87) | 0.01 | Sever | 8.71 (4.07–18.66) | 0.001 | 3.58 (1.26–10.17) | 0.02 | Medical comorbidity | No | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Yes | 3.55 (2.09–6.01) | 0.001 | 1.21 (0.57–2.57) | 0.62 | Taking medication | No | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Yes | 7.14 (4.09–12.47) | 0.001 | 6.35 (2.93–13.75) | 0.001 | Family support | No | 2.09 (1.25–3.50) | 0.005 | 2.13 (1.08–4.19) | 0.03 | Yes | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Depression | No | Ref. | — | Ref. | — | Yes | 3.74 (1.52–9.17) | 0.004 | 3.82 (1.27–11.45) | 0.02 |
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Statically significant variables with value <0.05; ref.: reference category; COR: crude odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; and VI: visual impairment. |