The Clinical History and Basic Science Origins of Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees

Figure 7

Schematic of the first skeletally implanted transcutaneous prosthetic anchor documented to be used in a human, designed by Dr. G. Dümmer in 1946. The retention mechanism was the two cross-pins through the bone and implant (reproduced with permission from Murphy E. F. History and philosophy of attachment of prostheses to the musculo‐skeletal system and of passage through the skin with inert materials. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 1973 May; 7(3):275–295).