Research Article
Bone Fracture Patterns and Distributions according to Trauma Energy
Table 5
Bivariate association between bone fractures with injury mechanism.
| | | Falls from height | Gunshot | Industrial | RTA | Simple falls | Test statistic | -value |
| | Upper limb | 133 (26.2) | 11 (36.7) | 29 (76.3) | 83 (21.3) | 768 (36.5) | χ2(12) = 311.23 | <0.001 |
| | Scapula | 6 (1.2) | 0 | 0 | 10 (2.6) | 1 (0.01) | χ2(4) = 35.10 | <0.001 |
| | Clavicle | 11 (2.2) | 0 | 0 | 14 (3.6) | 9 (0.4) | χ2(4) = 31.01 | <0.001 |
| | Humerus | | Proximal | 9 (1.8) | 1 (3.3) | 0 | 8 (2.1) | 68 (3.2) | χ2(4) = 6.70 | 0.153 | | Shaft | 5 (1) | 0 | 0 | 13 (3.3) | 23 (1.1) | χ2(4) = 11.7 | 0.019 | | Distal | 41 (8.1) | 0 | 0 | 6 (1.5) | 341 (16.2) | χ2(4) = 118.17 | <0.001 |
| | Forearm | | Proximal | 8 (1.6) | 0 | 0 | 5 (1.3) | 34 (1.6) | χ2(4) = 2.37 | 0.668 | | Shaft | 17 (3.4) | 3 (10) | 1 (2.6) | 10 (2.6) | 92 (4.4) | χ2(4) = 5.90 | 0.205 | | Distal | 31 (6.1) | 0 | 0 | 8 (2.1) | 133 (6.3) | χ2(4) = 22.16 | <0.001 |
| | Hand | | Carpal | 2 (0.4) | 0 | 4 (10.5) | 2 (0.5) | 8 (0.4) | χ2(4) = 18.21 | 0.001 | | Metacarpal | 2 (0.4) | 4 (13.3) | 4 (10.5) | 3 (0.8) | 15 (0.7) | χ2(4) = 30.11 | <0.001 | | Phalangeal | 1 (0.2) | 3 (10) | 20 (52.6) | 4 (1) | 44 (2.1) | χ2(4) = 124.1 | <0.001 |
| | Lower limb | 185 (36.5) | 19 (63.3) | 9 (23.7) | 137 (35.2) | 1041 (49.5) | χ2(12) = 311.23 | <0.001 |
| | Femur | | Proximal | 15 (3) | 0 | 0 | 7 (1.8) | 535 (15.4) | χ2(4) = 239.11 | <0.001 | | Shaft | 16 (3.2) | 2 (6.7) | 0 | 28 (7.2) | 72 (3.4) | χ2(4) = 14.73 | <0.001 | | Distal | 4 (0.8) | 2 (6.7) | 0 | 7 (1.8) | 52 (2.5) | χ2(4) = 10.64 | 0.031 |
| | Patellar | 3 (0.6) | 0 | 0 | 4 (1) | 18 (0.9) | χ2(4) = 1.70 | 0.79 |
| | Leg | | Proximal | 23 (4.5) | 4 (13.3) | 1 (2.6) | 13 (3.3) | 35 (1.7) | χ2(4) = 22.16 | <0.001 | | Shaft | 19 (3.7) | 3 (10) | 5 (13.2) | 24 (6.2) | 51 (2.4) | χ2(4) = 23.40 | <0.001 | | Distal | 41 (8.1) | 4 (13.3) | 0 | 38 (9.8) | 221 (10.5) | χ2(4) = 11.14 | 0.025 |
| | Foot | | Tarsal | 53 (10.5) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (2.6) | 14 (3.6) | 25 (1.2) | χ2(4) = 90.73 | <0.001 | | Metatarsal | 11 (2.2) | 0 | 1 (2.6) | 1 (0.3) | 20 (1) | χ2(4) = 9.51 | 0.049 | | Phalangeal | 0 | 3 (10) | 1 (2.6) | 1 (0.3) | 12 (0.6) | χ2(4) = 19.95 | 0.001 |
| | Spine | 141 (27.8) | 0 | 0 | 111 (28.5) | 246 (11.7) | χ2(12) = 311.23 | <0.001 | | Cervical | 1 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | 8 (2.1) | 0 | χ2(4) = 30.50 | <0.001 | | Thoracic | 51 (10.1) | 0 | 0 | 38 (9.8) | 85 (4) | χ2(4) = 44.61 | <0.001 | | Lumbar | 89 (17.6) | 0 | 0 | 65 (16.7) | 161 (7.7) | χ2(4) = 71.30 | <0.001 |
| | Pelvis | 48 (9.5) | 0 | 0 | 58 (14.9) | 58 (14.9) | χ2(4) = 120.1 | <0.001 |
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