Rural-Urban Differences in Health Care Expenditures: Empirical Data from US Households

Table 3

Two-part model estimated of impact of urban (versus rural) residency, weighted data adjusted for personal characteristics covariates, MEPS 2010.

	O.R. (95% C.I.)	value
First-part (logistic regression)
Outpatient care	1.086 (0.944, 1.249)	0.246
Hospital inpatient care	0.943 (0.783, 1.138)	0.542
Hospital emergency room	0.933 (0.787, 1.106)	0.422
Prescription drugs	0.801 (0.673, 0.953)	0.012
Total expenditures	1.020 (0.830, 1.252)	0.853
	β (95% C.I.)	value
Second part (linear regression)
Outpatient care	0.027 (−0.056~0.111)	0.521
Hospital inpatient care	0.050 (−0.174~0.274)	0.659
Hospital emergency room	0.217 (0.050~0.385)	0.011
Prescription drugs	0.023 (−0.087~.133)	0.678
Total expenditures	0.018 (−0.058~0.095)	0.634

Note: C.I.—confidence interval. Personal characteristics covariates: age, gender, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, poverty status, insurance status, perceived physical health status, perceived mental health status, functional limitations, and a count of comorbid conditions.