Determinants of Virologic Failure among Adult HIV Patients on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Waghimra Zone, Northern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

Table 5

Determinant factors of virologic failure among adult PLHIV attending ART clinic at Waghimra zone health institutions, Northern Ethiopia, in 2019(n = 276).

Variable	Virologic failure		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	value
	Cases	Controls
Age of patient					0.006
<35 years	41	122	1	1
≥35 years	51	62	2.45 (1.47, 4.09)	2.45 (1.29, 4.64)
Educational status
None	53	118	0.93 (0.48, 1.80)	1.47 (0.63, 3.44)	0.369
Primary	22	31	1.46 (0.66, 3.24)	2.32 (0.81, 6.58)	0.115
Secondary and above	17	35	1	1
Baseline CD4 count
<200	65	113	1.51 (0.88, 2.59)	0.87 (0.45, 1.68)	0.673
>200	27	71	1	1
Current CD4 count
<200	40	38	2.96 (1.71, 5.10)	3.06 (1.52, 6.13)	0.002
>200	52	146	1	1
Duration on art in years
1–5 years	10	50	1	1
>5 years	82	134	3.06 (1.47, 6.37)	3.11 (1.17, 8.25)	0.023
Drug toxicity
Yes	44	53	2.26 (1.22, 3.63)	3.34 (1.54, 7.23)	0.002
No	48	131	1	1
Art medication adherence
Good	43	155	1	1
Poor	49	29	6.09 (3.44, 10.77)	4.24 (2.17, 8.31)	<0.001
TB coinfection
Yes	25	17	3.67 (1.86, 7.22)	1.82 (0.71, 4.68)	0.214
No	67	167	1	1
Opportunistic infections other than TB
Yes	34	25	3.73 (2.05, 6.78)	2.33 (0.98, 5.35)	0.054
No	58	159	1	1
Baseline BMI
<16	42	46	2.1 (1.17, 3.77)	1.57 (0.76, 3.27)	0.223
16–18.45	17	62	0.63 (0.32, 1.24)	0.53 (0.23, 1.22)	0.137
18.5–28	33	76	1	1
ART regimen at baseline
AZT based	58	98	1.18 (0.58, 2.48)	1.99 (0.72, 5.54)	0.188
TDF based	21	60	0.70 (0.31, 1.61)	2.14 (0.62, 7.39)	0.231
D4T based	13	26	1	1
ART regimen at the time of VL testing					0.940
AZT based	59	97	1.61 (0.96, 2.68)	0.97 (0.44, 2.15)
TDF-based	33	87	1	1

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