Determinants of Anemia among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey

Table 1

Sociodemographic characteristics of children and their mothers and prevalence of anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia, 2016 EDHS.

Variables	Categories	Frequency (%)	Any anemia (%)	Mild (%)	Moderate (%)	Severe (%)
Age of children in months	6–23	34.3	72.0	27.4	40.9	3.7
	24–42	35.2	56.5	24.1	28.5	3.9
	43–59	30.5	42.6	23.5	17.7	1.4
Sex	Male	51.9	57.7	24.6	29.8	3.3
	Female	48.1	57.5	25.0	29.4	3.1
Birth order	≤5^th	72.5	57.0	24.8	28.9	3.3
	>5^th	27.5	59.2	25.7	30.9	2.6
Size of children at birth	Small	30.7	57.6	25.6	29.8	2.2
	Average	42.9	55.2	23.8	29.0	2.4
	Large	26.4	61.8	26.5	29.9	5.4
Started breastfeeding within 1 hr	No	24.1	56.6	26.8	26.9	2.9
	Yes	75.9	57.9	24.6	30.2	3.1
Underweight	No	74.8	55.2	24.9	28.0	2.3
	Yes	25.2	64.7	25.7	33.4	5.6
Stunting	No	58.9	54.3	23.9	27.9	2.5
	Yes	41.1	61.7	26.6	31.2	3.9
Wasting	No	90.7	56.4	25.3	28.1	3.0
	Yes	9.3	68.7	24.2	40.6	3.9
Had diarrhea	No	87.1	57.0	26.6	29.3	3.1
	Yes	12.9	61.4	28.0	30.4	3.0
Had fever	No	84.8	56.4	24.3	29.0	3.1
	Yes	15.2	64.4	28.9	32.3	3.2
Took iron pills/syrup	No	90.4	57.8	25.4	29.2	3.2
	Yes	9.6	56.1	22.3	31.4	2.4
Received antiparasite	No	86.8	58.2	24.6	30.4	3.2
	Yes	13.2	54.9	28.7	23.8	2.4
Mother’s age	15–24	20.7	63.0	23.6	34.0	5.4
	25–34	54.1	58.0	26.9	28.6	2.5
	35–49	25.2	52.4	22.3	27.6	2.5
Residence	Urban	10.1	49.5	23.8	24.5	1.2
	Rural	89.9	58 .5	25.2	30.0	3.3
Mother’s education status	No education	67.0	58.7	24.4	30.7	3.6
	Primary	26.9	56.9	26.9	27.7	2.2
	Secondary+	6.1	48.7	23.7	23.6	1.4
Mother’s occupation	No	72.5	58.6	25	30	3.6
	Yes	27.5	55.0	25.2	28	1.8
Mother’s BMI	No	79.6	56.6	24.8	28.8	3.0
	Yes	20.4	60.6	25.4	31.4	3.8
Mother’s anemia status	Not anemic	69.9	52.4	24.5	25.8	2.1
	Anemic	30.1	68.9	26.1	37.2	5.6
Mother’s marital status	Not married	5.1	55.9	17.7	31.7	6.5
	Married	94.9	57.7	25.5	29.3	2.9
Husband’s educational status	No education	48.1	59.0	23.8	32.2	3.0
	Primary	41.0	57.3	27.5	26.8	3.0
	Secondary+	10.9	52.8	24.1	26.7	2.0
Husband’s occupation	No	7.5	61.6	23.9	34.0	3.6
	Yes	92.5	57.5	25.4	29.2	2.9
Wealth index	Low	46.9	63.0	25.4	32.7	4.9
	Middle	21.5	53.8	25.1	27.0	1.7
	High	31.6	52.1	24.4	26.3	1.4
Source of drinking water	Not improved	44.0	58.6	24.5	30.5	3.6
	Improved	56.0	56.8	25.5	28.6	2.7
Toilet type	Not improved	90.5	57.7	25.1	29.5	3.1
	Improved	9.5	56.4	24.7	29.0	2.7
Family size	1–4	25.4	57.3	24.0	30.2	3.1
	5–8	61.3	56.7	25.1	28.4	3.2
	9–19	13.3	62.4	27.1	32.5	2.8
Number of U5 in the HH	≤3	97.4	57.3	24.9	29.3	3.1
	≥4	2.6	70.4	32.8	34.1	3.5
Region	Developing	6.6	74.1	20.2	45.3	8.6
	Major	91.1	56.5	25.5	28.3	2.7
	City administrative	2.3	52.7	20.4	29.1	3.2