Determinants of Active Tuberculosis Occurrences after ART Initiation among Adult HIV-Positive Clients in West Showa Zone Public Hospitals, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

Table 4

Clinical and immunological characteristics of the study participants of active tuberculosis occurrence among adult HIV-positive patients after ART initiation in West Showa Zone public hospitals, Ethiopia, 2019.

Clinical and immunological characteristics		Cases (n = 203)	Controls (n = 203)	Total (n = 406)
Patient’s previous TB history	Yes	134 (66.0%)	76 (37.4%)	210 (51.7%)
	No	69 (34.0%)	127 (62.6%)	196 (48.3%)
Haemoglobin level	<10 mg/dl	68 (33.5%)	20 (9.9%)	88 (21.7%)
	≥10 mg/dl	135 (66.5%)	183 (90.1%)	318 (78.3%)
Baseline functional status	Bed ridden/ambulatory	62 (30.5%)	43 (21.2%)	105 (25.9%)
	Working	141 (69.5%)	160 (78.8%)	301 (74.1%)
WHO HIV/AIDS stage	Stage I/II	59 (29.1%)	120 (59.1%)	179 (44.1%)
	Stage III/IV	144 (70.9%)	83 (40.9%)	227 (55.9%)
CD4 level	<200 cells/ml	147 (72.4%)	85 (41.9%)	232 (57.1%)
	≥200 cells/ml	56 (27.6%)	118 (58.1%)	174 (42.9%)
Adherence level	Good	148 (72.9%)	200 (98.5%)	348 (85.7%)
	Fair/poor	55 (27.1%)	3 (1.5%)	58 (14.3%)
Baseline ART regimen	d4T + 3 TC + NVP	23 (11.3%)	25 (12.3%)	48 (11.8%)
	d4T + 3 TC + EFV	20 (9.9%)	16 (7.9%)	36 (8.9%)
	AZT + 3 TC + EFV	44 (21.7%)	51 (25.1%)	95 (23.4%)
	ZDV + 3 TC + EFV	35 (17.2%)	22 (10.8%)	57 (14.0%)
	TDF + 3 TC + EFV	81 (39.9%)	89 (43.9%)	170 (41.9%)
Used IPT prophylaxis	Yes	48 (23.6%)	65 (32.0%)	113 (27.8%)
	No	155 (76.4%)	138 (68.0%)	293 (72.2%)
Used CTX prophylaxis	Yes	200 (98.5%)	188 (92.6%)	388 (95.6%)
	No	3 (1.5%)	15 (7.4%)	18 (4.4%)